HLDbeginner

CDN and Edge Caching

A CDN reduces latency and origin load by serving cacheable content from locations closer to users. It is one of the highest-leverage improvements for globally distributed products.

Reading time

10 min

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What a CDN Solves

If every asset is served from one origin region, distant users pay unnecessary latency. A CDN caches content at edge locations close to the user.

Typical Use Cases

  • Images and videos
  • JS/CSS bundles
  • Downloads
  • Public API responses with short TTLs

Important Concepts

  • Cache-control headers
  • Purge and invalidation
  • Origin shielding
  • Signed URLs

Interview Tip

Mention CDN early for globally distributed media or web products.